INDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO SATELITE

By Anshika singh 6B

Roll.no-6

NAVIC

•To meet the positioning, navigation and timing requirements of the nation, ISRO has

established a regional navigation satellite system called Navigation with Indian Constellation

(NAVIC). NAVIC was erstwhile known as Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).

•NAVIC is designed with a constellation of 7 satellites and a network of ground stations

operating 24 x 7. Three satellites of the constellation are placed in geostationary orbit, at

32.5°E, 83°E and 129.5°E respectively, and four satellites are placed in inclined

geosynchronous orbit with equatorial crossing of 55°E and 111.75°E respectively, with

inclination of 29° (two satellites in each plane). The ground network consists of control

center, precise timing facility, range and integrity monitoring stations, two-way ranging

stations, etc.

•NAVIC offers two services: Standard Position Service (SPS) for civilian users and Restricted

Service (RS) for strategic users. These two services are provided in both L5 (1176.45 MHz)

and S band (2498.028 MHz). NAVIC coverage area includes India and a region up to 1500

km beyond Indian boundary. NAVIC signals are designed to provide user position accuracy

better than 20m (2 ) and timing accuracy better than 50ns (2 ).NAVIC SPS signals are

interoperable with the other global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals namely GPS,

Glonass, Galileo and BeiDou

Significance of NAVIC

1.It give real time information for 2 services i.e standard positioning service open for

civilian use and Restricted service which may be encrypted for authorised user like

for military. Currently we uses GPS system of USA for navigation.

2.India became one of the 5 countries having their own navigation system like GPS of

USA, GLONASS of Russia, Galileo of Europe and BeiDou of China. So, India

dependence on other countries for navigation purposes reduces.

3.It will make Indian Armed Forces self-reliant. While advanced nations like US and

Russia are having GPS and GLONASS, countries like China, European Union and

Japan are trying to have their own full-fledged or partial constellations.

4.Further with an extensive coverage, one of the stated future use of the project

includes sharing of the project with the SAARC nations. This will help in integrating

the regional navigation system further and a diplomatic goodwill gesture from India

towards countries of the region.

Application of NAVIC

•Disaster Management: It will help in sending early warning to people of country

particularly coastal areas about cyclones, tsunamis, heavy storms etc. and would

help in monitoring & rescue operations during disaster times. It will help to mitigate

the disaster effects by providing information of disaster timing, safe location and

also help the disaster relief management to make earlier plans and save the lives of

people in India as well as up to 1500 km around it.

•Weather Forecasting- NAVIC even contributes to meteorology. By providing

atmospheric data, it helps improve weather predictions, leading to better

preparedness for weather events.

•Navigation: The Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System [IRNSS] is also known

as NAVIC, developed to provide India with its own independent navigation system

that is not dependent on foreign systems like GPS. It is a sophisticated satellite-

based navigation system designed to provide accurate and reliable location

information for users on the ground.